This is an archive copy of a document originally located at
http://www.abc.net.au/rn/talks/8.30/sportsf/stories/s475470.htm
With Amanda Smith
8/2/2002
Winter Olympics - Sports of Snow and Ice
Summary:
This week, sports of snow and ice, as the Winter Olympic Games open
in Salt Lake City.
GEOFF LIPSHUT, from the Olympic Winter Institute of Australia discusses attempts
to raise the standard and profile of Australian winter sports athletes, and
explains what’s involved in some of the lesser known Olympic winter sports –
like the SKELETON, and BIATHLON.
Plus, we’ll find out about the history and culture of another Winter
Olympic sport – CURLING. And speak to a strong medal contender for the
Paralympic Winter Games - BART BUNTING. He’s a Giant Slalom and Downhill skiier,
and he’s blind.
And European sports historian ARND KRUEGER explains why the Winter Olympics have
always been much more commercialised than the Summer Games.
Details or Transcript:
Amanda Smith: With the Salt Lake City Winter Olympics about to get underway,
it’s sports of snow and ice on The Sports Factor this morning.
THEME
Amanda Smith: Now it does seem perhaps a bit incongruous to be talking about
snow and ice during summer in Australia, albeit a wet one at the moment in many
places around the country. But for sure, there’s a number of sports on the
Winter Olympic program that are largely unknown to many Australians, some of
which we’ll find out a bit about today; sports like H.G. Nelson’s favourites,
the Skeleton, Biathlon, and Curling.
Lyn Greenwood: The idea is to place a slight turn onto the rock, which acts a
bit like a bias on a lawn bowl, and hence the name, Curling; the rock will tend
to curl as it travels down the sheet of ice. You can also control the speed of
the rock by sweeping with your broom. When sweeping, the rock tends to travel
further and curl less.
Amanda Smith: And we’ll hear more on Curling, this sport of ice, rock and broom,
later in the program.
Before that though, to the general health and development of the Winter Sports
in Australia. Now you’ve of course heard of the Australian Institute of Sport,
which has just celebrated its 21st birthday. The Institute of Sport was set up
in direct response to Australia’s poor performances at Olympic Summer Games in
the 1970s. But did you know there’s now also an equivalent institute for Winter
Sports? The Olympic Winter Institute of Australia was established in 1998, after
the Nagano Winter Games. So far, the Winter Sports Institute has scholarship
programs in skiing, snowboarding, figure skating, and short track speed skating.
And these are the sports that Australians are competing in at Salt Lake City.
But Australia isn’t represented in lots of other sports on the Salt Lake City
program, like Luge, Bobsleigh, Biathlon and Curling. Nor are there programs for
these sports at our Winter Institute. So why not? Geoff Lipshut is the Head of
the Australian Olympic Winter Institute. He’s in Salt Lake City right now, and
he says the focus is on success.
Geoff Lipshut: Part of what we try to do at the OWI, Olympic Winter Institute,
is to get a result. And what we try to do is try to have Australians ranked in
the top ten in the world, as a qualifications standard. In terms of Bobsleigh,
it’s a very heavy sport in terms of research and development, in terms of
equipment, in terms of you have to have maybe ten to twelve different sets of
runners on the bottom of the sled, and that’s for different temperatures and
different ice conditions. Curling: Australia did have a team that almost
qualified for these Games, it was very close. So there are Australians
participating I think at the world class level in most winter sports. To qualify
for an Olympic team, the Institute program is probably a little bit further
away, and it’s purely on a performance basis.
Amanda Smith: Well I’m sure it’s fair to say that many Australians are really
quite unfamiliar with some of these sports that are on the Winter Olympic
program, and over the next couple of weeks we’ll be puzzling over a few of them.
Now one of the new sports that’s been added this year is something called
Skeleton; can I get you to explain what the Skeleton is?
Geoff Lipshut: Skeleton is a sport in the Luge family, if you like, the Luge and
Bobsleigh is actually a sliding sport. The difference is it’s one-man, or
one-woman, and it’s headfirst in a very light sled, and hence the name,
Skeleton. It is a sled that is just the bare bones of a Luge sled. I think the
Skeleton racers, the participants, the athletes, are very brave people to be
hurtling down an icy tube, probably 100kms plus an hour, head first, amazing.
Amanda Smith: Do you think it’s got potential for Australia?
Geoff Lipshut: I’d say out of all the sliding sports, being a newer sport in
terms of Olympic programming, in terms of other Olympic Committees not putting
the resources yet, I’d say that’s in our favour - the newer sports, where we
have more equal chance. I’d say having a lighter sled means it’s easier to
transport, it’s probably cheaper, that’s in our favour. So out of all the
sliding sports, I would see if we could find some people that actually have the
courage to do the Skeleton, and maybe they’ll have a good shot at it.
Amanda Smith: Well one of the other relatively unfamiliar sports to us, although
it’s been on the Winter Olympic program for 40 years or so, is the Biathlon. Now
clearly, this combines two events, but what are they?
Geoff Lipshut: Shooting and cross-country skiing. And when I say shooting, it is
rifle shooting. Cross-country skiing is one of the most aerobically demanding
sports there is. It’s like sprinting and running, then you have to slow your
heart rate and your pulse down, concentrate with the high precision rifle and
hit a target in a static target shooting. And for each shot, that you miss, it
is a penalty in time. It’s a combination of actually the fastest time with the
least round of penalties. The penalties are served by racing extra laps. It’s a
very, very tough sport.
Amanda Smith: All right, well let’s talk about the events that Australians are
competing in at Salt Lake City, rather than those that they’re not. Now a Bronze
Medal at each of the last two Winter Games is the entire Australian Winter
Olympic medal tally to date. Now at The Sports Factor, we subscribe to the idea
that having a go is more important than winning, but what do you reckon, Geoff,
about medal possibilities for Australia this time round?
Geoff Lipshut: I would say our performance goals for the team are that we would
like to see each person finish in the top ten in every single sport that we
participate in. And that’s akin to what we do at the Olympic Winter Institute in
terms of the preparation of the athlete. Going past that, in terms of medals,
probably ought to look at where we’ve won medals at the World Cup level, World
Championship level, and go on from there. And if you look at that, Jacqui Cooper
in the last four years has won a World Championship in ’99, has won a number of
World Cup events. Alisa Camplin has actually won some World Cup medals, Zali
Steggall was the world champion in Slalom Skiing, the first non-European lady
world champion slalom skiier since 1936. So those are probably our top three
champions. Then you’ve got Adrian Costa, this is his fourth Olympic Games.
Adrian’s having the best season of his life. Adrian’s ranked in the top ten in
the world, and when you’re in the top ten in the world in the Winter Sports, it
isn’t far to actually maybe creep up and grab a medal.
Amanda Smith: Well we’ll watch with great interest, and good luck. Finally,
Geoff, lots of snow in Salt Lake City?
Geoff Lipshut: Perfect, absolutely perfect.
Amanda Smith: Super. Geoff Lipshut, who’s the Chief Executive of the Olympic
Winter Institute of Australia, in Salt Lake City with the Australian team for
these Winter Olympics.
Now as Geoff Lipshut mentioned, the Australian Curling team didn’t quite make it
to Salt Lake City this year. But if you plan to spend any time over the next two
weeks watching the Winter Games coverage, you may well come across a curling
match. And because it is a little-known and little-played sport in Australia,
here’s a preview of what you’ll see.
Now the best way to describe Curling is if you imagine lawn bowls, except played
on ice. And instead of rolling a ball across a lawn, curlers slide big smooth
rocks down an ice rink. They don’t wear skates, they have special shoes for
moving on the ice; and the other piece of equipment they use is a broom. Curling
rocks are made of granite, and weigh about 20 kilos. And the rocks have a handle
that’s screwed into the top of them. For further explanation, Jim Cathcart is on
the ice with Australian curler, Lyn Greenwood.
Lyn Greenwood: Well the handle obviously, is to give you a grip of the rock, and
when you release the rock , the idea is to place a slight turn onto the rock,
which acts a bit like a bias on a lawn bowl, and hence, the name Curling, the
rock will tend to curl as it travels down the sheet of ice.
Jim Cathcart: Now the thing that strikes me is it’s incredibly slow and
incredibly graceful. Just the sight of the rock sliding across the ice is really
quite beautiful, and the rock spinning very, very slowly.
Lyn Greenwood: That’s what everyone spends years and years mastering, how to
release the rock with the right weight, the right turn, and to compensate for
any unevenness there may be in the levelling of the ice. You can also control
the speed of your rock by sweeping with your broom. When sweeping, the rock
tends to travel further and curl less. So you can control the speed and also the
curl of the rock.
Jim Cathcart: So in that way, it’s a real team sport. One member throws the rock
and the other members can have an effect of where the rock finally arrives.
Lyn Greenwood: And the other person in the team will decide on the strategy.
Jim Cathcart: And so is it the skipper who decides whether to sweep or not?
Lyn Greenwood: The people who are travelling down the ice with their brooms will
judge the speed of the ice and keep the skip in touch constantly with how fast
they think the rock is travelling, and if it needs to be swept, then they will
sweep it.
Jim Cathcart: How many players for each team?
Lyn Greenwood: We have four players for each team, and each person throws two
rocks in each end of the game.
Jim Cathcart: Describe the throwing motion.
Lyn Greenwood: Each player starts in a crouched position, they don’t push the
rock, the idea is to release the rock and you’re using your body weight and
momentum to get the speed on the rock, rather than using your arm to give it a
push.
Jim Cathcart: Now the players don’t play in ice skates, do they?
Lyn Greenwood: No. Beginners generally play in a pair of runners, just your
standard street shoes. However, what the majority of us are playing in here is a
special pair of shoes, they fit like runners, but on the right foot you have a
sole which grips the ice and on the left foot, one which is Teflon coated. And
you use the Teflon coated shoe as the stable shoe that stays on the ice all the
time, and you slide along on that shoe and push along with the shoe that has the
gripper.
Jim Cathcart: So an aspect of it that I quite like is when the player wants to
follow their rock down, they stand upright, and they scoot along like a child on
a scooter. That looks at first sight, quite comical.
Lyn Greenwood: I’d agree with that, it does look quite comical. But when you see
someone who’s extremely good at it, again, the finesse is fantastic.
Jim Cathcart: So Lyn, a little bit of embarrassment. While we’ve been talking,
your team has streaked ahead without you; how do you feel about that?
Lyn Greenwood: I think I’m going to swap teams to drag the opposition down.
Jim Cathcart: Now Gerald, tell me about the history of curling, because it does
seem quite interesting.
Gerald Chick: Well the modern game of curling really comes from Scotland. In
fact it was the Grand National Curling Club in Scotland, founded in the early
1800s that introduced the game in its current form, developed the rules, was
later patronised by one of the Prince's of England and became the Royal
Caledonian Curling Club.
Jim Cathcart: So was it an aristocrat's game, or was it the people's game?
Gerald Chick: I think it’s always been a little bit of an aristocratic game.
It’s also been I suppose a landowner's game, or something like that. In Scotland
they used to have Curling clubs that would gather whenever the lochs froze over
and go out there and have a days Curling, or a few days Curling.
Jim Cathcart: Now what about the rocks in those days? Do we know what the origin
of the rocks were, or were they specially made for the game?
Gerald Chick: Well no, I think they were anything you could pick up from the
hillside really. They have some very old ones, something in the Royal Caledonian
Museum in Edinburgh is called The Old Grey Mare, and it weighs about 50 or 60
kilos; it’s about four or five times the size of the rocks we use right now, and
would in fact have been very good in our game if you wanted to use it to remove
a lot of other rocks from play, because it would go straight through everything.
Jim Cathcart: Now tell me about Curling in Canada. Now the origin is in
Scotland, presumably the lakes freeze over and they would just play, often in
the most sublimely beautiful locations. What about Canada?
Gerald Chick: I wouldn’t call Canada sublimely beautiful. It’s very cold
especially where they play Curling. It’s very popular on the Canadian prairies.
That is where I grew up, it’s also why I moved to Australia.
Jim Cathcart: So did you ever play Curling outdoors?
Gerald Chick: Never. It’s always been too cold outdoors in Canada to play
Curling.
Jim Cathcart: Now let’s get a bit of perspective here on what you’re up against
playing Curling in Australia. I believe that in Canada there are 1-1/2 million
registered players. What’s the number in Australia?
Gerald Chick: In Australia is something just over 100 Curlers.
Jim Cathcart: The contrast is just quite extraordinary, isn’t it.
Gerald Chick: It’s a very strong contrast. It’s actually quite remarkable to me,
first of all having grown up in Canada, the number of people in Australia that
have taken to the game of Curling, and it’s also remarkable to me that there’s
Curling here at all. I didn’t really expect to find any Curling when I moved
from Canada.
Jim Cathcart: Now Lyn, since you’ve spoken to me, you’ve had mixed fortune.
What’s been going on?
Lyn Greenwood: Well tonight’s definitely not one of my better evenings. In the
last end I burnt a rock, which means while sweeping, I touched the rock, and if
any rock is touched during play, it needs to be removed from play. So I
destroyed a beautiful rock of one of my team members, and then I managed to put
a rock straight through the middle of the house because I put too much weight
onto the rock.
Jim Cathcart: Which means you released it too firmly?
Lyn Greenwood: I released it with too much speed, and it went straight through
the house, and a rock that is forward of the house can still be in play and can
be promoted up into the house, but a rock that goes through the house is removed
from play. So not only did I destroy one of my team member’s rocks, I also
wasted one of mine.
Jim Cathcart: So you’ve been messing up right, left and centre?
Lyn Greenwood: That’s correct.
Jim Cathcart: So how’s it going, Gerald, what’s the score?
Gerald Chick: Well it doesn’t look very good right now. We’re two points behind,
we don’t have last shot in the end, we’ve got one rock left and we don’t have
any that are counting.
Jim Cathcart: Now I didn’t understand much of that, but that sounds bad.
Gerald Chick: Well, to be truthful, if Ellen gets her next one in there, we
probably don’t have much of a chance of winning this game, or tieing it.
Jim Cathcart: So let’s just describe the situation: your team have got two –
Ellen Weir: We’re lying two. He needs three points to win, two points to tie. So
he’s going to attempt a difficult double take-out, which, with the angle - it’s
much like billiards, you have to play the angles. The shot is there, but it has
to hit his front rock at 11 o’clock, exactly, to hit this back rock. And if he
misses it, well then we win. So it’s a pretty difficult shot.
Jim Cathcart: So what he’s trying to do is hit two of the opposition rocks out
to leave his rock closest to the centre.
Ellen Weir: And he’s inside, and he’s missed.
Jim Cathcart: So really, he couldn’t have done that worse.
Ellen Weir: Well he was inside the broom, but never mind. I mean, that’s
Curling.
Amanda Smith: Yes, that’s Curling, with Australian National Women’s team members
Ellen Weir and Lyn Greenwood, and former World Junior Curling Champion for
Canada, Gerald Chick, speaking there with Jim Cathcart.
Now the Winter Olympics proceed in Salt Lake City over the next fortnight. And
then, like with the Summer Olympics, they’re followed by the Paralympics. One of
the strong medal contenders for these Winter Paralympics is a 25-year-old
Australian skiier, by the name of Bart Bunting. Bart skis in the Giant Slalom
and Downhill Ski events, and he’s been blind since birth. Now, at the Winter
Paralympics, vision-impaired skiiers compete in one of three categories: B1 if
you have no sight at all; B2 or B3 if you have some degree of vision. Well,
skiing really fast in a competition when you can see where you’re going has a
fair degree of risk to it, but what about when you can’t see a thing, like Bart
Bunting?
Bart Bunting: I’m B1. I have some light perception but because I’m classified as
B1, when I do ski, I ski with blacked out goggles on, just to make sure that I
really can’t see a thing.
Amanda Smith: But now you’re skiing with a guide, is that right?
Bart Bunting: Yes, all blind skiiers have a guide, but the difference with B1
skiiers compared to 2 and 3 is that instead of actually trying to look at my
guide, what I’m doing is following him down the hill by listening to his calls.
He has a loudspeaker in a bumbag and a microphone on his helmet and he
essentially just calls to me where to go.
Amanda Smith: All right, so say in the Giant Slalom event, how do you and your
guide work together to compete?
Bart Bunting: Well it’s my job to go as fast as I can, and it’s his job to stay
an even distance in front of me because if that distance between the guide and
the skiier starts to fluctuate, I lose my accuracy on where he is and what sort
of turn, because I’m trying to follow as close as possible exactly what he’s
doing, without turning too sharply. Like if I turn sharper than he does, I’ll
hit the inside gate, so I’ve got to judge it to be as close as possible to what
he’s done, but if anything, just to be a little bit outside of his turn.
Amanda Smith: And what sort of things is he saying to you through his helmet
microphone during this?
Bart Bunting: Do you want me to give you a bit of a go at something he’d say at
the start of a race, like the whole sort of call sequence?
Amanda Smith: Yes, that’d be terrific.
Bart Bunting: So, we’d be in the gate – when we say in the gate, you’re in the
start gate and you’ve got a wand in front of you, and I’d be standing in the
gate and he’d be standing just down the ramp a little bit, which is the starting
ramp, which gives you a bit of speed when you take off. And so he’d go ‘Three,
two, one, go!’ and then he’d go ‘Straight, straight, straight, and left, left,
left, and right, right, right, dip, left, right, right, right, compression,
straight, straight, straight, and left, left, left, left, delay, right, right,’
and it goes on. And it’s all different little calls that we’ve worked out, and
even to the extent of how he says the directions as to what it means. Like if
he’s saying ‘Right! Right!’, that means ‘Turn, now! And if he’s saying, ‘Right,
right, right,’ it’s just an easy, slow casual turn.
Amanda Smith: Well you must have to put a lot of trust in your guide; how have
you developed that trust?
Bart Bunting: I’m lucky in the fact that Nathan, who guides me, I’ve known him
for, oh it must be eight or nine years now, and we’ve been good friends and
we’ve done a lot of things together, like climbing and caving and surfing and
what have you, all different sorts of outdoor activities. So we have built up a
good relationship in terms of trust, over that time. So when it came to skiing,
we already sort of knew how the other person worked and we worked together
fairly well already, and skiing’s just made that even closer. You do have to
trust them, because I don’t know where I’m going, and I hope he does, you know.
Amanda Smith: Yes, well even when you do have a guide and you might trust that
guide, is it still scary?
Bart Bunting: Of course, that’s the fun, that’s why I do it. I think that’s the
buzz of it. I mean as opposed to someone who can see who’s skiing, you can sort
of relax a little bit, I mean you’re skiing but you can relax to some extent,
whereas when I ski, every single thing is full concentration, whether that be
just trying to get into the lift line or to make the turn, or just to – I
basically have to respond to whatever Nathan says as if that is the only way to
turn and turning any other way, I’ll crash into something. Because you don’t
know, you have to just assume that whatever he says is what you’ve got to do.
Because if he says ‘Stop’, I don’t have time to go, ‘Oh, why are we stopping?’
and he’ll go ‘Oh because that tree you just hit was in the way.’ So you really
have to respond quickly without questioning it. And I think when we first
started we had a couple of times when I went, ‘No, I don’t want to stop’. Bang,
hit something. Oh, OK, next time I’ll stop.
Amanda Smith: Yes, well I wanted to ask you if you’d ever got into hairy
situations on the ski slopes, regardless of having a guide or not, where you
have lost control, or got disoriented.
Bart Bunting: A couple of occasions, usually – one was when we won the Gold in
the Downhill at Anzier in Switzerland. I came through the finish, and Nathan
thought I was going to hit the last gate, so he’s turned around to see what I
was doing and he’s caught his edge, and I’ve sort of just got round the gate and
he’s gone ‘Straight, straight, straight’, which basically means ‘Come to
wherever you hear my voice is’, he’s gone across to the side, I’ve hit him, hit
the fence, the skis have come off everywhere, done a bit loop the loop on my
stomach.
Amanda Smith: Well it sounds like a dramatic finish.
Bart Bunting: It was, I was literally within one or two metres of being on the
wrong side of the finish, so that would have been devastating, but on the right
side of the finish, I really couldn’t have cared less.
Amanda Smith: So what was it about skiing that attracted you to it? Is it a
sport that for you has sensory pleasures that aren’t reliant on sight, and I
guess by that I mean the feel and the sound of skiing on snow.
Bart Bunting: There certainly is that aspect to it. It’s the freedom, you do
feel free, like even because I’m following a guide, I still can turn, and you’ve
got that full feeling of speed and control I guess, that you can just change
your direction or do whatever you want. I think the times I enjoy most are
things like when we’re in Canada, the runs are really wide and long, and I can
actually just ski wherever I want to go with Nathan skiing behind me and he’ll
just tell me if I go too close to the edge, or have to stop for some reason. But
that feeling of just Yes, if I want to turn left now, I can. There’s no-one
telling me what to do, and that sort of aspect of it’s great.
Amanda Smith: Australian Paralympic skiier, Bart Bunting, who’ll be competing in
the Giant Slalom and Downhill Ski events at the Winter Paralympics. And they get
underway next month in Salt Lake City.
But back now to the just-about-to-start Winter Olympics, the 19th Olympic Winter
Games. Now I’m sure you know that the modern Olympics were founded by Pierre de
Coubertin, and first held in Athens in 1896. And at the Fourth Olympics, in
London in 1908, Ice-skating was included on the program. But when did the
Olympics split into separate Summer and Winter Games, and where were the first
Winter Olympics held? Arnd Krueger is a leading European sports historian.
Arnd Krueger: Well in 1924, in Chamonix in Switzerland, you had a Winter Sport
Week, to which all of the countries came, but they were at first not considered
the first Olympic Winter Games, it was only in the closing ceremony that
Coubertin told everybody that there ought to be Olympic Winter Games, and at the
IOC meeting in 1926 in Lisbon, the IOC redefined this Olympic Winter Sport Week
of 1924 as being the first Olympic Winter Games, and decided then to have the
next Olympic Winter Games in 1928 in St. Moritz in Switzerland.
Amanda Smith: So what are the distinct and defining features that have developed
around the Winter Olympic Games, Arnd? I guess the most obvious one is the
sports have to involve either snow or ice of course.
Arnd Krueger: Well I think the other thing that was very obvious from the very
beginning, the Olympic Winter Games from the very beginning were more commercial
than the Summer Games, because why would you want to have a Winter Sports Week
to begin with? It wouldn’t be for the attraction of tourists, and from the very
beginning the Winter Games, you had the discussion whether a ski instructor was
actually an amateur or a professional. So you can see clearer and easier in the
Winter Games, the commercial aspect of sport, than you can see it in the Summer
Games because there are some sports which until today, are very amateur.
Amanda Smith: Has that caused tensions within the Olympic movement? I know that
in 1969 Avery Brundage, during his term as President, objected to that
commercialism, and also said that Winter Sports can never be as universal as
Olympic Sports are supposed to be. So does there remain that sort of tension and
concern in the Olympic movement in the IOC about the appropriateness of the
Winter Games for Olympic status?
Arnd Krueger: Well of course after 1981 when you pretty much abolished the
amateur rules, the question of amateur rating wasn’t really that important any
more. But the supposition that there should be all games and all nations, does
of course not work in the case of Winter Sports, because obviously for most
sports you need snow. But there is no doubt in my mind that the Olympic Winter
Games will continue to last for a very long time, because if you look at the
places that have staged the Olympic Winter Games, some, just by staging them, by
being the Olympic City, have been on the map as a Winter Sport resort. Have you
ever thought about Salt Lake City as a Winter Sport resort? No-one in Europe
has. If you’re talking about Salt Lake City, you’re talking about the Mormons
and the desert in Utah, but you wouldn’t think that you could go skiing there.
Taking the competition between the Winter Sport resort to attach to yourself the
attribute that you are Olympic is a sign of quality and will increase your
tourism for Winter Sports for many years to come.
Amanda Smith: So the commercial rewards of hosting a Winter Olympic Games are in
fact possibly greater than of hosting a Summer Olympic Games?
Arnd Krueger: Yes, because for Olympic Winter Games, on the whole you do not
need that many new constructions that you will never use again, particularly if
you have a relatively big town in the neighbourhood like in Salt Lake City,
where you could use the indoor facilities, practically everything is there, you
just have to do some re-landscaping to make some runs more attractive, but that
will last for many years, for the tourists who wanted to ski down on what used
to be an Olympic run. And there is a commercial emphasis and the amount of money
that you can make in the very long run from Olympic Winter Games is
comparatively more than what you can make from the Olympic Summer Games.
Amanda Smith: Which is what, I guess, led the good folk of Salt Lake City into
temptation, with those gifts and enticements they made to International Olympic
Committee members.
And that was sports historian Arnd Krueger, from the Institute for Sports
Sciences at the University of Goettingen, in Germany.
And that brings us to the end of The Sports Factor for another week. Tim Symonds
is the program producer, and I’m Amanda Smith.
Guests on this program:
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Geoff Lipshut
Chief Executive of the Olympic Winter Institute of Australia
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Arnd Krueger
Institute for Sports Sciences, University of Goettingen, Germany
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Bart Bunting
Paralympic Skiier
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Lyn Greenwood
Australian Curler
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Gerald Chick
Australian Curler
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Ellen Weir
Australian Curler
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Further information:
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The Australian Curling Federation
Ph: 03 5750 1357
PO Box 287
Bright VIC 3741 |
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Presenter:
Amanda Smith
Producer:
Tim Symonds
©
2003 ABC
This is an archive copy of a document originally located at
http://www.abc.net.au/rn/talks/8.30/sportsf/stories/s475470.htm
All copyright remains with the creator.
