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Biomechanics is about how the body moves.
Coaches use biomechanics to analyse athlete

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movement
to improve technique and reduce injury risk.

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Five important components of biomechanics
are motion,

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force, momentum, levers and balance.

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Motion is the movement of the body or an object
through space.

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Speed and acceleration are important parts
of motion.

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In the javelin throw I need to analyse
the speed of the athlete, as well as the

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angle and height of release.

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Force is a push or pull that causes a person
or an object to speed up, slow down, stop

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or
change direction.

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When optimal force is required, an athlete
needs to move their body parts sequentially.

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For a striker to hit the ball hard and fast
I look at timing, speed and angle of the swing

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AND the point at which they hit the ball.

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Momentum is a combination of weight and speed.
There are two types of momentum; linear which

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is about movement in a straight line, and
angular or rotation momentum.

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For a tumbling sequence, I need to understand
linear momentum for the approach and to ensure

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a stable landing. I also need to understand
angular momentum to ensure the skill can be

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completed. Without enough angular momentum,
the athlete would under-rotate and miss their

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landing.

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Our arms and legs act as levers, as does any
equipment that adds extra length such as

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racquets, bats or paddles.
(Over diagram) There are three parts to a

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lever - the resistance arm, the force arm
and the axis of rotation. In rowing, the

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resistance arm is the outboard part of the
oar, the force arm is the inboard part of

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the oar and the axis of rotation is the pin.
The levers can either be used to increase

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speed or force.
In rowing, an oar is a speed lever, as the

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out-board
part of the oar is longer than the in-board

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part of the oar. The longer the outboard the
faster the boat can go. However the longer

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the
lever, the more force required by the athletes.

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Balance is about being stable.
An important principle of balance is the

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alignment of the centre of gravity over the
base of support.

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Balance is influenced by the width of the
base

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of support, height and motion of the centre
of

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gravity and the weight of the person.
Having good balance is important for many

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skills
of basketball, such as setting a screens,

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playing
defence, changing direction and shooting the

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ball

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By gaining a better knowledge of the components
of biomechanics, coaches can better analyse

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their
athletes and use that information to improve

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performance.
Ask yourself these questions:

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How do these components apply in your sport?
Motion

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Force
Momentum

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Levers
And

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Balance.

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How can you gather and use information about
these biomechanical components to improve

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your
athletes?