There is insufficient evidence to support the use of vegetarian/vegan alternatives

Collagen protein is animal-derived and therefore may not be appropriate for vegetarian/vegan athletes. Although there are vegan/vegetarian products available that are claimed to mimic animal sources of collagen, if peptides specific to animal proteins are proved to have specific biological activity, then vegetarian/vegan options may be viewed as less effective. More work is required to determine the AA availability and effectiveness of vegan collagen alternatives.

Potential individual variability of availability of AAs that may support collagen synthesis

As per any supplement, an individual approach should be considered. The individual availability of AAs proposed to increase collagen synthesis may be impacted by the following: habitual intake of protein, particularly collagenous proteins which may lead to differences in baseline AAs availability and/or reduced capacity to digest specific AA; training load in which the requirement of AAs such as glycine are conditionally increased; an individual’s body mass, leading to increased utilisation; the use of AAs in other processes such as bone remodelling.

Addition of ascorbic acid and its’ impact on interference with physiological adaptation

Chronic Vitamin C supplementation may impair physiological adaptation (see Vitamin C). Adequacy of dietary derived Vitamin C should be confirmed.

Religions requiring Halaal products

Halal certified collagen protein supplements are commercially available.